wwII+quotes

﻿ CHE-- “Civilians must have the war brought home to them. Every individual must be made to see the immediacy of the danger to him. . . . He must be made to understand that he is an integral part of the war front, and that if he loses the war, he loses everything.” --Government Information Manual for the Motion Picture Industry: Office of War Information

The Office of War Information made this statement. During World War II, the OWI created the Bureau of Motion Pictures and the Bureau of Censorship to produce censored but educational films about the war to inform Americans on what was going on overseas. The Bureau of Motion Pictures created the Government Information Manual for the Motion Picture Industry for the filmmakers in Hollywood. The OWI perceived the Hollywood films as delusive; the reasons for involvement in war were inappropriately conveyed, portrayal of the Nazis and Japanese was exaggerated, the other Allied nations were shown in an offensive manner, and the makeup of the Unites States was misrepresented. The Manual was created not only to advocate correctly portrayed concepts in films, but also to encourage movie makers to create movies that would make Americans want to participate in the war effort after they understood what was really happening. This excerpt from the manual suggests that films be created to instill the truths of war into the minds of citizens; the OWI believed that through films that correctly portrayed war events, Americans would have motivation to help and care about the war. Although the Bureau of Motion Pictures died out in 1943, the Manual demonstrated its overall effect when the Bureau of Censorship banned the export of movies that portrayed the Allies as imperialists, misrepresented the United States as the true winners of the war, or demonstrated racism.

ATG //"To get home you had to end the war. To end the war was the reason you fought it. The only reason."// - Paul Fussell, war veteran and historian, c. 1989 Written by a Veteran/Historian of World War Two, this quote was created in an attempt to grasp the real truth of the war. World War One was a shock of reality for many Americans, however, the start and involvement in World War Two would have just the same dramatic effect on Americans as the first war. This quote directs the bare truth of the war towards people who were either not affected by it or people that came after the war ended. There are very different point of views when it come to wars, split between ideas and thoughts of civilians, politicians/political leaders, and veterans. Coming form someone that actually participated in the war, the real truth comes out. It can be intended that the author is trying to change the common view of war to a since of obligation rather than necessity. What make this quote so important to many Americans is the first line, “To get home you had to end the war”. Thousands of young Americans were drafted to fight the war in Europe and the Pacific, this era of United States history represents a time of great misfortune, with not only the two World Wars, but also the Great Depression. Many of these young Americans that fought in the war were not there because of their political views or the economic rewards, rather they were fighting the war to protect what they had a home, they were there because of who they were and what they represented. For many of these men the thought of home was the only thing that pushed them through. This idea of obligations toward the war is what makes this quote not only influential but also a very real example of what the war represented and meant to many Americans. Looking back at the war from today we do not get the whole effect of the quote, but for people of the age, this quote can truly be interpreted.

SLW--"Rosie the Riveter" Rosie the Riveter Lyrics by Redd Evans and John Jacob Loeb, 1942

All the day long, Whether rain or shine, She's a part of the assembly line. She's making history, Working for victory, <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">Rosie the Riveter… <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">…That little girl will do more than a <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">Male will do… <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">…Rosie is protecting Charlie, <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">Working overtime on the riveting <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">machine… <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">…There's something true about, <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">Red, white, and blue about, <span style="color: black; direction: ltr; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS'; font-size: 24pt; line-height: 80%; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.38in; margin-top: 5.76pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -0.38in; unicode-bidi: embed; vertical-align: baseline;">Rosie the Riveter.

During World War II, the role of women changed. Women began to work in “male-jobs” while their husbands went off to war. These women played an avid role in the production of goods and ammunition for the war. More than six million women helped contribute to the production of tanks, bombs, planes, and other weapons that were used throughout battle during World War II. As more and more women began taking jobs in aggressive factory positions, arduous construction work, and dangerous machinery work, the perception of a woman became one of a strong and determined human being. Rosie the Riveter came to symbolize this working women during World War II and was displayed through posters, the press, musicals, film, and in this case, through song. This symbol first emerged through the song “Rosie the Riveter” by Redd Evans and John Jacob Loeb in 1942. This song portrayed working women as patriotic, hard working, talented, and contributors to something bigger than they could grasp. It depicted that women were proving their place in society and helping fight for the women’s equality movement. During the war, women were not only thought of as females who were supposed to stay at home, cook dinner, and feed the kids, but they were also viewed as successful workers contributing to the Allied victory in the war. The Cult of Domesticity was broken during the period of war. Not much is known about Redd Evans or John Jacob Loeb but they were successful musicians and were supporters of women who worked throughout the war. They seemed to have displayed their gratitude to these women through their song. Media played a large role in society at the time of World War II as well. For this reason, the symbol of Rosie the Riveter was easily spread throughout the nation because of its music and film portrayal. Evans and Loeb wrote the song to encourage women to join in the workforce and to show men that women were just as capable at performing hard work. The need for women to work during the war also helped break discrimination, as black women became a necessary supply of labor. An unintended consequence of women working during the war was the initiation of the upcoming civil rights movement and a lasting impact on women in the workplace.

SL: "In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms" On January 6, during his 1941 State of the Union Adress, President Frankling D. Rosevelt made his "Four Freedoms Speech" which detailed four "essential human freedoms" including; freedom of speech, worship, from want and from fear. Although most of America was intially against another World War, FDR knew US involvement was inevitable. Thus, before the United States officially declared war on Germany, FDR's Four Freedoms speech acted as proproganda for the American people to encourage support for the war. Thoughout his speech, FDR emphasied that Americans needed to fight to protect the American ideal and way of life. From examing FDR's actions during the Great Depression including his New Deal Programs reflect the immense amount of trust Americans had in FDR and his ideas. The American public's strong trust in FDR from the Great Derpression was also cemented through FDR's Fireside Chats, which he talked directly to the public about his motives and why his New Deal Programs were neccesary. Much like a Fireside Chat, FDR's Four Freedoms speech was directly aimed at the public in order to increase public approval for WWII. Although this quote comes from FDR's State of Union Adress, which is directed at political officails, FDR's real target audience was the American public. By clearly outlining the necessity for war, FDR changed American's opinions on entering the war. In addition, FDR's Office of War information that was established a year later also enforced the necessity for war in the American public. The main idea of FDR's speech was that Americans and all humans had these four basic rights and the right to protect them, which lent itself to the reason for war because these rights were being threatened by forgein countries and their leaders like Hitler ini Germany. This source is signigant because it was FDR's first attempt at rallying support for the war on the home front and the begining point for the proproganda machines during WWII.

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NMD- <span style="font-family: Verdana,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 17px;">"Democracy alone, of all forms of government, enlists the full force of men's enlightened will...It is the most humane, the most advanced, and, in the end, the most unconquerable of all forms of human society. The democratic aspiration is no mere recent phase of human history...We...would rather die on our feet than live on our knees." =====

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On January 20, 1940, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt gave his Third Inaugural Address to the American people from the steps of Capitol Hill in Washington, DC. Roosevelt at the time, a Democrat and an anti-isolationist, was currently fighting between the benefits and disadvantages of going to war with Germany, and stopping Hitler's war machine all while getting the industrial economy back on track, and the disadvantages of going to war, the death of many American soldiers and a stark betrayal of Washington's Farewell Address and the warning to stay out of European affairs without a direct threat towards the United States. The time this quote was said was January 20, 1940, when President Roosevelt was giving his third Inaugural Address to the American people. At this time, most of Europe gone up in smoke and the United States ever more closely approaching the brink of war. The audience for which this quote was written was for the American people, as there was a record crowd in attendance that day as well as a massive listening audience over the radio stations.The reason the quote was created was in order to show, even though the United States had allowed Germany to romp through Europe, that America was still the beacon of democracy for the world, and that she represented the shining city on a hill, and the paragon of the belief that all men wanted to be free no matter what, an idea heavily embraced by Ronald Reagan in his foreign policy. The main idea of the quote is that democracy is quite simply the best form of government. It is that which allows all men to be free and express their opinions freely as well, and that the siprit of democracy and the yearning to be free from all government which restrains you will overpower all opposition which comes to it. The importance of the quote comes from the fact that it represents the crucial idea that by not gwetting involved with germany's war against France and other democratic nations in Europe, it in now way condones the actions which the Germans were taking. In fact, the whole idea of the quote is to show the foritude and the determination of those democratically minded opeople in Europe, and that no matter how Hitler would try to crush their spirit, the yearning for freedom would never die.=====

KLM: “Some of our people like to believe that wars in Europe and in Asia are of no concern to us. But it is a matter of most vital concern to us that European and Asiatic war-makers should not gain control of the oceans which lead to this hemisphere.” -Franklin D. Roosevelt, December 29, 1940 Traditionally, the United States tried to stay away from European affairs, abiding by Washington’s Farewell Address for the most part. Even at the start of WWI, America did not enter until provoked by Germany. Later, during the 1920s and during Hoover’s presidency, international trade was lessened by the institution of tariffs such as the Hawley-Smoot Tariff. This restricted international trade was one of the impetuses for the Great Depression, not just in America but worldwide. International involvement, however, was not just necessary for the American economy. European politics were in turmoil with the presence of totalitarian governments, such as Hitler’s. In order to maintain human rights, the Americans must fight. World War I had demonstrated that toxic politics could permeate to the US, especially through immigration. Anarchism and socialism supporters, though a minority, spread the European political issues to the US during and following WWI. Although the United States had been interested in Asia for trade purposes during the Age of Imperialism, they cared little of the welfare of the people of the countries that were exploited. Most seemingly philanthropic acts had ulterior purposes, such as America’s continued control over the Philippines. If Japan, Italy, and Germany, the “European and Asiatic war-makers,” were to gain control of the seas, trade would not be protected between countries with governments that were unfriendly with totalitarian governments, weakening non-totalitarian governments. Previously, FDR had issued the “Quarantine Speech,” which called for an embargo of goods against “aggressive” countries by democracies, an act of economic warfare. This action had been condemned by isolationists, who fear that such public condemnations would lead the US to war, a reaction that FDR remembered during this fireside chat. President Wilson had urged the US’s entrance into WWI by declaring that American involvement would make the world “safe for democracy.” FDR’s speech similarly urges that: Nazi and Fascist control would yield disastrous effects for democracies. FDR wanted America to be the “Arsenal for Democracy,” supporting democratic efforts of foreign countries, resisting the expansionist of Fascist and Nazi governments, promoting democracy like Wilson in WWI and JFK in the Cold War did. FDR issued this statement during a fireside chat, which the majority of the US listened to, hoping to increase US support for entrance into WWII. Despite setting embargoes against warfare goods to Japan and the redrafting of the American Neutrality Act, America remained neutral in the conflict into 1941. However, FDR continued to support the British war effort, urging Americans to support increased aid to Britain during this speech. The failed Fascist Integralista movement in Brazil in 1938 had convinced the Roosevelt administration that non-European or East Hemispheric countries were not immune to Nazi advances. However, Congress did not revoke the Neutrality Acts, still limiting FDR’s international involvement. During Fireside Chats, the general American felt that FDR was speaking directly to them, urging them to support a revocation of the Neutrality Act for the good of their own country, not just the foreign countries impacted by Nazi advancements. People listened to what FDR said during these Chats, trusting that his guidance would be beneficial; his guidance during the Depression had helped to restore confidence in the economy and to facilitate the success of New Deal programs. By spreading this message through such a trusted and widely listened to source, the people would listen and would increase their support for further economic involvement. FDR generally followed public support, passing the Neutrality Act despite his personal resistance: it would limit his presidential powers to assist foreign, friendly nations, indirectly facilitating the diffusion of anti-democratic forces. Three months prior to this Chat, FDR had legislated the first peacetime draft, so the US was already in pre-war preparations and was semi-conducive to talks of further US involvement in worldwide affairs. FDR was simply urging further involvement—more involvement than simply economic assistance. Public support was already widespread for FDR: he had been elected for a third term, breaking Washington’s two-term precedence. By urging increased involvement, America would respond. However, in the Election of 1940, FDR had campaigned his goal to keep the US out of war; he wanted to help democracies, but simply through economic engagement and facilitation, avoiding direct involvement. Despite this, he wanted further economic involvement. Already secretly speaking with Churchill about further American involvement, FDR now just needed public support for further economic involvement.

GEB “I fear all we have done is awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with a terrible resolve.”-Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto (referring to Pearl Harbor’s success)

Isoroku Yamamoto fought during World War Two for the Japanese Naval Marshal General and was the commander-in-chief for the Combined Fleet. He attended Harvard University for three years before entering the Japanese Navy. A forerunner in naval aviation he led the large scale battles such as Pearl Harbor and Midway until he died via an American P-38 Lightning fighter jet. Yamamoto was recorded saying this quote not long after Japan learned of the successful attack on the Americans at Pearl Harbor. The time period is of course WWII and the United States was deciding whether or not to enter the war and aid the Allies and this attack made up the nation’s mind. It is speculated by some historians that if Pearl Harbor had not happened, the U.S. might not have entered the war and Germany would possibly have taken over Europe before the U.S. knew it, however it did not happen that way. Since Japan was in alliance with Germany and Italy, a Japanese attack meant an assault from all of them, spurring the United States into action. During this time period, if an American heard this quote they would most likely have agreed with Yamamoto because the U.S. did not waste any time to squash the opposing forces. However, Hitler’s Germany would have laughed to this because losing was not an option. The main idea of this quote would be the fact that Yamamoto sensed the impending doom that Germany, Italy, and Japan faced by involving the United States in WWII. This nation was in the depression previously but once the U.S. entered the war the economy boomed and everything went into full production and high speed, a turning factor in the war. The quote definitely holds significance because it shows what a powerhouse that the U.S. became during this time, even more so than it was before.

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<span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;">JML: <span style="color: #000000; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-bottom: 0pt;">"I have seen war...I hate war." - Franklin D. Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt, United States president during the Great Depression and World War II, made this statement August 14 1936 months before that year’s presidential election and a few years before the outbreak of war but when it was apparent that there was conflict in Europe. Thus it is clear that the war he saw was World War I, during which he was Assistant Secretary of the Navy, and the reason he said this was to make clear before the election that he was not a warmonger. By saying these words outright, he was able to talk about the possibility of war in Europe and the possibility that America might get involved, without upsetting people by seeming pro-war. His words also address war and American involvement in Europe’s conflicts and American isolationism in general, which were recurrent through America’s history. It would help to know that though in this quote Franklin D. Roosevelt was assuring the people that he hated war, that eventually America did enter World War II during his presidency and prior to officially entering Roosevelt had also gave great assistance to the Allies. He said this to make clear to the American people his stance on war, that he hated it, and therefore quell concerns over American involvement in foreign wars and appease the isolationists. The intended audience was the American people, possibly specifically the voting Americans for that year’s election. The American citizens were likely to pay attention to this speech of his because it concerned American involvement in war and as Americans that would get their attention. The isolationists would be satisfied by this for the reason that Roosevelt was proclaiming that he was against the war. Warmongers would not have been pleased because they would have liked to have his open support of war. Roosevelt said this so that he could talk about the prospect of war and American involvement without portraying himself as a warmonger. He said it at the time that he did because he wanted to make the Americans feel secure in re-electing him president. It thus addresses his political need to be re-elected. Franklin D. Roosevelt’s argument is that he knows about war and that he hates it. The overall message is that war is bad. Roosevelt’s point was that he was not a warmonger and that he understood and hated war. This material is important because it addresses Roosevelt’s stance on war and shows his linguistic mastery of being able to talk about war without coming off as pro-war. The political implications are that Roosevelt hated war but understood that at that time it was possible that America could be faced with war in the near future, which it was. This might have had an effect on the election of 1936, but Roosevelt was already well-liked and many other things could have contributed to his re-election.

GEB //"This Jap had been hit. One of my buddies was field-stripping him for souvenirs. I must admit it really bothered me, the guys dragging him around like a carcass. I was just horrified. This guy had been a human being. It didn't take me long to overcome that feeling. A lot of my buddies hit, the fatigue, the stress. After a while, the veneer of civilization wore pretty thin."// – E.B. "Sledgehammer" Sledge Eugene Bondurant Sledge, otherwise known as E.B. “Sledgehammer” was born on November 4, 1923 and died March 3, 2001. In 1942, Sledge was placed in a V-12 officer training program and sent to Georgia Tech, which he left for the war not long after. Serving as a Private First Class he experienced combat firsthand and left the army at a Corporal rank. After coming back to the U.S. he wrote a memoir about his journey, called //With the Old Breed//. As a combatant, it can be assumed he did not enjoy war or fighting in the least which is seen in his quote. This quote demonstrates the time period and mindset of soldiers in WWII. Opponents could not be thought of as humans because then the fighting and killing would be impaired. Sledge talks about how horrifying it is to see a human defaced and dishonored in such a way, but he also speaks about how that feeling did not stay long. In battle, hundreds of thousands die every day and one human doesn’t make a difference. Sledge saw how vicious the Japanese were and that probably affected him so he became dehumanized and as he says, “the veneer of civilization wore pretty thin.” Back in the United States if someone read this during the war, there were so much propaganda that disgraced and belittled Germans and Japanese that some people probably would not think anything bad of doing this. It is one thing to hear it; it is another to see it being done though. This quote was produced to show how gruesome war life is. America had thousands of people overseas fighting in WWII, yet most of the people back home could not comprehend the overwhelming death that is seen every day, and it really changed a lot of soldiers’ lives. This quote conveys how fragile human life is and that in horrid conditions, the value of life decreases to less than nothing. Life should not be like that, but in war that is the mindset that will help soldiers survive.

SL: “A community is democratic only when the humblest and weakest person can enjoy the highest civil, economic, and social rights that the biggest and most powerful possess.” -Philip Randolph The speaker of this quote is Philip Randolph, a prominent civil rights activist during World War II. Randolph became well known for his work to promote equal job opportunities for blacks in wartime industries. Randolph also was the founder of the "March on Washington Movement" in order to win civil rights for Blacks. Although, Randolph's March became superfluous after FDR gave in and changed policies in his favor. Previously, African Americans were denied federal jobs because of their race, with business claiming, "Blacks couldn't work in the front" or because of a business lacked "segregated bathrooms". Inspired by W.E.B. DuBois, Randolph was committed to providing social equality for all races. This quote was produced during World War II, during which FDR created numerous wartime industries and companies to create jobs and employ Americans. However, racial inequality prevented Blacks from obtaining high-level jobs or privileges. To understand Randolph’s frustration further, one would have to realize how blacks contributed to wartime industry, and the viable source of labor they represented. As this discrimination occurred with federal jobs, Randolph argued that they should be treated like interstate commerce, and allows equal opportunity for all races and potential workers. Not only concerned with the workforce, Randolph petitioned FDR for desegregation of military forces and desegregation of federal facilities. This quote might have been aimed at FDR, as a challenge for him to enforce true democracy in America with equal rights. Randolph's reference to democracy also is targeted at FDR because it challenges FDR's claims that World War II was a "fight to defend America's democracy". This quote was produced to encourage FDR to change federal policy and end racial discrimination in federal jobs and facilities. This quote is significant because it demonstrates the inequality on the home front at the beginning of WWII. Randolph's actions also are significant because they led to the Fair Employment Practice Commission, which also led to increased black participating in federal jobs.

SMR- “No bastard ever won a war by dying for his country. He won it by making the other poor dumb bastard die for his country.” -General George S. Patton, Jr. George Patton, a general during World War II, believed in the perseveration of American troops. Unlike other European countries, the United States used its soldiers as its last means of defense. Human lives were held in a much higher regard. General Patton spoke this quote during World War II, when the draft for American soldiers began. He did not want the United States to be like the USSR in terms of causalities. It would have been helpful to know how many casualties other countries had relative to the United States, because it is an example of how American soldiers are valued. Although some countries had no choice but to send all their servicemen, their defenses were severally weakened when they positioned their military irresponsibly. For example, the USSR had an immense army, however the men were not properly equipped or trained, which led to enormous Russian losses. Patton directed this quote towards the American people, ensuring the United States would win the war by out-smarting and defeating the enemy. American mothers were probably the ones who paid the most attention to this material. For families with several sons and a husband, a woman’s entire family was being sent off to war. Patton’s confidence comforted mothers in believing their sons were relatively safe compared to foreign soldiers who died for U.S. victory. Patton obviously believes that a dead soldier does a country no good; rather fighting soldiers who are able to take out the enemy is what wins the war.

**SAF-** **"I become Death, the Destroyer of Worlds."** ** - J. Robert Oppenheimer ** <span style="font-family: Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 10pt;">On July 16, 1945 scientist, J. Robert Oppenheimer, after the decision had been made to drop a nuclear bomb on Japan stated his feelings on the bomb, qualifying himself as death and the destroyer of worlds because of his involvement in developing the bomb. Oppenheimer was a very talented physicist chosen to be involved of the making of the atomic bomb along with Albert Einstein in the Manhattan Project. Such an elite group of men knew about this secret project only Einstein, Oppenheimer, and the president Franklin Delano Roosevelt until his death when President Truman was notified of the secret project. There is dispute over Oppenheimer’s political affiliations, while many believed him to be a communist this was never officially approved or considered to be a threat or problem to his situation. This quote was said after the bomb had already been created band decided to be used on Japan but was not officially dropped until August. Since this was the first object ever made of such mass destruction it was a big deal for the United States and the world as such a breakthrough had been made. Oppenheimer is clearly feeling rather guilty about his involvement and understands the level of destruction to which it can be held and the vast magnitude of its abilities. Since the first nuclear weapon truly affected the whole world, the audience of this particular quote included nearly everyone in the world. Oppenheimer was not yet aware of the powers of this bomb but could obviously foresee the consequences. After the bomb was dropped Japan suffered many consequences, thousands of deaths, destruction, and fear. Oppenheimer was transferring this future sensed consequence to himself and taking responsibility for the making of the bomb.

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